| Operation | Windows | Unix csh-based (csh, tcsh) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| initialisation | NT: set to the values in "System Properties/Environment", DOS: set in autoexec.bat | set in /usr/local/env/.cshrc (sometimes /etc/.cshrc), followd by ~user/.login if login shell. | |
| I/O redirection | cmd <in-file >out-file-new cmd >>out-file-append stderr cannot be redirected, always goes to screen. |
dito. | |
| filename expansion | ? single char, * any number of any (including the dot at the beginning of filenames). eg dir test*.doc will find all files starting with test and the extention doc. dir test* and dir test*.* are the same. | dito, but * doesn't match a dot when it's the first char in a filename (as such files are used as system ressources.). Mask meta-chars with \. | |
| whitespace protection | cmd "with blank" | cmd 'with blank' | |
| Process piping | with cmd1 | cmd2 | dito | |
| Version | winver | showrev | |
| environment setting | set [var=[string]] sets env vars. Note: no space behind =. Without var, all vars are shown on stdout. set vars locally for a skript between setlocal and endlocal . each setlocal must be freed by the endlocal before skript end. |
set var = text with mandatory spaces. setenv name text sets and exports variable. set ! (bangs) in text are replaced by incremental numbers. array vars are defined as set var = ( foo bar baz ) | |
| path | path=newpath;%path% | set path = ( /bin /usr/bin /usr/local/bin ) path is defined as an arry. | |
| directory listing | dir | ls | |
| help option | command /h | man command or command --help | |
| file identity check | comp | cmp | |
| file difference comparison | comp f1 f2 for same sized file (default binary) fc f1 f2for text files. |
cmp | |
| file length | |||
| grepping | find findstr with regexen |
grep | |
| timing | |||
| size check | |||
| view users | who -al, whoami, groups | ||
| view host | hostname | hostname, showrev | |
| view user on remote host | finger usrname@hostname | dito | |
| processes | ps -elf | ||
| jobs | jobs | ||
| rights | chown, chgrp | ||
| file attribs | chmod | ||
| scheduled execution | at | cron | |
| Sortieren | sort | sort | |
| Output paging | more use pipeing to page output from other programs, file redir and name expansion to page contents of files. | more | |
| html downloading | wget | wget | |
| free memory | mem | ||
| show text file contents | type f1 [f2 ..] | cat | |
| route tracing | tracert | traceroute | |
| internet IP-name lookup | nslookup | nslookup | |
| show net connections | netstat | ||
| ping if computer is on network | ping | ping | |
| printing | lpr | lp | |
| prompt style | prompt $p$g$p = pfad, $g = > | # superuser, % normal, set prompt = "`hostname`:` pwd`>" | |
| variables | args for batches are stored in %1 to %9. environment var contents are accessed like this: %VARNAME% Expansion works here too, i.e %* means a list of all %1 to
%9. |
$var for normal vars or full arrays, $array[2-4] for array slices, $#array number of elements, $?var if var is defined 1, else 0. | |
| executable search path | path without param shows path. entries separated by
;(semicolon). append old path with path newdir;%path% |
